電暈放電 is an electrical discharge brought about by the ionization of a fluid, such as air, surrounding a conductor that is electrically charged. It occurs when the electric field strength (potential gradient) around a conductor is high enough to form a conductive region, but not high enough to cause electrical breakdown or arcing to nearby objects.
當高壓導體具有不均勻電場時（通常在尖點或薄處），該過程就會啟動。線）。
電離: The intense electric field accelerates free electrons in the air to speeds high enough to knock electrons out of neutral gas molecules upon collision.
電子雪崩2140211d157e4d4bbb37b 47e09cda2cfTownsend放電: This creates a chain reaction of ion-pair production known as an "electron avalanche" or 血漿區域.
2。特徵: A region of low-density plasma is formed around the conductor. In this region, ions carry the charge to the neutral fluid.
聽覺2140211d157e4d4bbb37b47ebb37b47ebb cda2cfChemical: A faint blue or violet glow (luminous corona) visible in darkness. This is caused by electrons returning to lower energy levels in nitrogen molecules.
Ozone: A characteristic hissing or crackling sound caused by the rapid expansion of air molecules.
NO2140211d157e4d4bbbda47e30。對電氣系統的影響: Production of 電暈放電通常被認為是高壓工程中的寄生現象： (O3) and various nitrogen oxides (功率損耗2140211d4bbb37b47e09cda2cfbda2140210bdabdabdab. (EMI)). These gases have a distinct, pungent odor and are chemically corrosive.
4。工業應用
儘管存在電力線路損耗，但電暈放電在多種技術中被利用：: It dissipates energy into the atmosphere, reducing the efficiency of power transmission.
靜電除塵器(ES2121144bd 09cda2cf影印機和雷射印表機: The discharge generates high-frequency pulses that cause "radio noise," interfering with radio and television signals.
Surface治療: The chemical by-products and ultraviolet radiation can degrade the insulation of high-voltage components over time.
皮克定律
曲率: Used in factory chimneys to remove dust and smoke particles from exhaust gases by charging them.
空氣密度: Uses a "corona wire" to apply a uniform static charge to the photoreceptor drum.
表面狀況: Used to increase the surface energy of polymers and plastics to improve the adhesion of inks and glues.
Ionizers: Used in air purifiers to charge particles so they stick to collection plates.
The onset of corona discharge is governed by several variables, often calculated using Peek’s Law:
Curvature: Smaller radii (sharper points) increase the local electric field and trigger corona at lower voltages.
Air Density: Lower air pressure (high altitude) or higher temperatures decrease the voltage required for corona.
Surface Condition: Dirt, water droplets, or scratches on a conductor's surface act as local points of high field intensity, promoting discharge.
